Results
author = "Lipsitch, Marc"
Hedging against Antiviral Resistance during the Next Influenza Pandemic Using Small Stockpiles of an Alternative Chemotherapy
Description :
Background: The effectiveness of single-drug antiviral interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality during the next influenza pandemic will be substantially weakened if transmissible strains emerge which are resistant to the stockpiled antiviral drugs. We developed a mathematical model to test th...
Repository :
Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard
Language(s) :
English
Inefficient Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–Mediated Killing of HIV-1–Infected Cells In Vivo
Author(s) :
Asquith, Becca
,
Edwards, Charles T. T
,
McLean, Angela R
,
Rowland-Jones, Sarah
,
Lipsitch, Marc
Description :
Understanding the role of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in controlling HIV-1 infection is vital for vaccine design. However, it is difficult to assess the importance of CTLs in natural infection. Different human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles are associated with different rates of progress...
Repository :
Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard
Language(s) :
English
Quantifying Child Mortality Reductions Related to Measles Vaccination
Author(s) :
Goldhaber-Fiebert, Jeremy D.
,
Lipsitch, Marc
,
Mahal, Ajay
,
Zaslavsky, Alan M.
,
Salomon, Joshua A.
Description :
Background: This study characterizes the historical relationship between coverage of measles containing vaccines (MCV) and mortality in children under 5 years, with a view toward ongoing global efforts to reduce child mortality. Methodology/Principal Findings: Using country-level, longitudinal panel...
Repository :
Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard
Language(s) :
English
Intranasal Immunization with Killed Unencapsulated Whole Cells Prevents Colonization and Invasive Disease by Capsulated Pneumococci
Author(s) :
Malley, Richard
,
Lipsitch, Marc
,
Stack, Anne
,
Saladino, Richard
,
Fleisher, Gary
,
Pelton, Steven
,
Thompson, Claudette
Description :
A whole-cell killed unencapsulated pneumococcal vaccine given by the intranasal route with cholera toxin as an adjuvant was tested in two animal models. This vaccination was highly effective in preventing nasopharyngeal colonization with an encapsulated serotype 6B strain in mice and also conferred ...
Repository :
Europe PubMed Central
Language(s) :
English
Age-Specific Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA to Pneumococcal Protein Antigens in a Population in Coastal Kenya
Author(s) :
Laine, Catherine
,
Mwangi, Tabitha
,
Thompson, Claudette M.
,
Obiero, Jacktone
,
Lipsitch, Marc
,
Scott, J. Anthony G.
Description :
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the primary etiological agent of community-acquired pneumonia and a major cause of meningitis and bacteremia. Three conserved pneumococcal proteins—pneumolysin, pneumococcal surface adhesin A (PsaA), and pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA)—are currently being investigat...
Repository :
Europe PubMed Central
Language(s) :
English
CD4+ T cells mediate antibody-independent acquired immunity to pneumococcal colonization
Author(s) :
Malley, Richard
,
Trzcinski, Krzysztof
,
Srivastava, Amit
,
Thompson, Claudette M.
,
Anderson, Porter W.
,
Lipsitch, Marc
Description :
Acquired immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) has long been assumed to depend on the presence of anticapsular antibodies. We found, however, that colonization with live pneumococci of serotypes 6B, 7F, or 14 protected mice against recolonization by any of the serotypes and that protec...
Repository :
Europe PubMed Central
Language(s) :
English
Antibody-Independent, Interleukin-17A-Mediated, Cross-Serotype Immunity to Pneumococci in Mice Immunized Intranasally with the Cell Wall Polysaccharide
Author(s) :
Malley, Richard
,
Srivastava, Amit
,
Lipsitch, Marc
,
Thompson, Claudette M.
,
Watkins, Claire
,
Tzianabos, Arthur
,
Anderson, Porter W.
Description :
Serotype-specific immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae is conferred by antibodies to the capsular polysaccharides, which define the 90 known serotypes. Whether antibody to the species-common cell wall polysaccharide (C-Ps) is protective has been a matter of controversy. Here we show that C-Ps given ...
Repository :
Europe PubMed Central
Language(s) :
English
Reconstructing influenza incidence by deconvolution of daily mortality time series
Author(s) :
Goldstein, Edward
,
Dushoff, Jonathan
,
Ma, Junling
,
Plotkin, Joshua B.
,
Earn, David J. D.
,
Lipsitch, Marc
Description :
We propose a mathematically straightforward method to infer the incidence curve of an epidemic from a recorded daily death curve and time-to-death distribution; the method is based on the Richardson–Lucy deconvolution scheme from optics. We apply the method to reconstruct the incidence curves for th...
Repository :
Europe PubMed Central
Language(s) :
English
Student Behavior during a School Closure Caused by Pandemic Influenza A/H1N1
Author(s) :
Miller, Joel C.
,
Danon, Leon
,
O'Hagan, Justin J.
,
Goldstein, Edward
,
Lajous, Martin
,
Lipsitch, Marc
Description :
Repository :
Europe PubMed Central
Language(s) :
English
Little Evidence for Genetic Susceptibility to Influenza A (H5N1) from Family Clustering Data
Author(s) :
Pitzer, Virginia E.
,
Olsen, Sonja J.
,
Bergstrom, Carl T.
,
Dowell, Scott F.
,
Lipsitch, Marc
Description :
The apparent clustering of human cases of influenza A (H5N1) among blood relatives has been considered as evidence of genetic variation in susceptibility. We show that, by chance alone, a high proportion of clusters are expected to be limited to blood relatives when infection is a rare event.
Repository :
Europe PubMed Central
Language(s) :
English